STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT

Pre-teen through Young Adult

 

PRE-TEEN

Approximately

5th – 7th grades or ages 10-12 years old

 

·       Onset of puberty and secondary gender characteristics

·       Beginning of self consciousness around body image; possible eating disorders

·       Concrete thinkers

·       Sandy’s Three Time rule[1]:  to get them to hear and understand any directions they need to be told three times

The first time, to get them to begin to realize you’re talking to them

The second time, to get them to actually realize you’re talking to them

The third time, to get them to actually hear what you’re saying

(Come to think of it, this rule goes for all ages!)

·       Attachment to family (as opposed to peers)

Their primary relationships are still their family members, particularly the adults raising them.  They are also dependent on the adults raising them to help them physically get places and remember dates for activities.

·       Importance of same-gender friendships

·       Newness of most of the experiences you may offer

·       Homesickness

·       Higher need for “parenting”, especially clear, fair and consistent boundaries and rules

·       Fear of the dark, ghosts, etc.

·       Simple and concrete spirituality: trying to make what they’ve been taught fit into a concrete world view

e.g. “If Adam and Eve only had Cain and Abel, where did their wives come from?”  “When my Grandma died, did she become an angel?”

 

JUNIOR HIGH

Approximately

6th – 9th grades or ages 12-14 years old

 

·       Huge range of physical, emotional, spiritual, intellectual, and social developmental stages

·       Mood swings

·       Physical and social awkwardness

·       Gender difference in social behavior

·       The beginnings of abstract thinking, however still very concrete.  They have difficulty projecting themselves into the future.  They are able to understand that behavior has consequences, but may not believe that the consequences could happen to them.

·       Development in sexuality

·       Influenced by peer attitudes, but parents and other adults continue to be major influences

·       Importance of same-gender role models

·       Continued concrete spiritual questioning

 

SENIOR HIGH

Approximately

9th – 12th grades or ages 15-19 years old 

 

·       Wide range of physical, emotional, spiritual, intellectual, and social developmental stages

·       Identity issues

·       Development of abstract thinking which leads to the ability to:

·       argue more effectively with adults

·       cultivate deep friendships and strong romantic attachments

·       appreciate and enjoy hypothetical situations and discussions

·       Moral development focusing on issues of fairness and caring for friends and family

·       Continued exploration of who they are as sexual persons

·       Making their own decisions about their bodies and health

·       Beginning of abstract understanding of spirituality and theology; development of personal theology apart from parents or church

 

YOUNG ADULT

Approximately

12th grade – college or ages 18-21 years old

 

·       Identity issues

·       Higher education and career issues

·       Ability to appreciate and enjoy hypothetical situations and discussions

·       Moral development exploring wider community and global issues

·       Continued exploration of who they are as sexual persons

·       Making their own decisions about their bodies and health

·       Continued development of abstract understanding of spirituality and theology, development of personal theology apart from parents or church



[1] Sandy Valinoti, a very wise woman who was a youth leader for years at the Sebastopol Community Church, UCC

Deepening Faith:  Youth Ministry Resources and Some Miscellaneous Advice

Rev. Lizann Bassham, Front Porch Spirit Press

Copyright © 2001